Cancer
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. These cells can invade 1 and destroy healthy tissues, potentially spreading to other parts of the body. While various factors can contribute to cancer development, including genetics and lifestyle choices, early detection and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes
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Post Cancer Surgery
This refers to the period following a surgical procedure to remove cancerous tissue. Recovery can involve pain management, wound care, and physical therapy. Potential long-term effects may include scarring, nerve damage, and lymphedema.
Post Radio Therapy
The period following radiation therapy, a cancer treatment that uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells. Common side effects include skin irritation, fatigue, and hair loss. Long-term effects may include scarring, damage to internal organs, and secondary cancers.
Post Chemo Therapy
The time after chemotherapy treatment, often marked by fatigue, hair loss, and weakened immune system. Side effects can vary widely and may persist for months or even years. Regular check-ups are essential to monitor for delayed effects.
Post Breast Cancer
The time after a breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. It may involve physical and emotional challenges, including body image issues, fertility concerns, and increased risk of other health problems. Regular check-ups and screenings are crucial for early detection of recurrence.
Lymphedema
A chronic condition that occurs when lymph fluid builds up in tissues, often in the arms or legs. It can cause swelling, pain, and discomfort. Lymphedema frequently develops after cancer treatment, especially surgery or radiation therapy that damages lymph nodes.
Surgery/Chemo
A common cancer treatment approach combining surgery to remove cancerous tissue followed by chemotherapy to eliminate any remaining cancer cells. This combined therapy can improve overall survival rates but may increase the risk of side effects.
Key components of Cancer
Cancer occurs when cells in the body grow uncontrollably and spread to surrounding tissues. This uncontrolled growth is caused by changes to DNA, the genetic material that instructs cells on how to function. These changes, often called mutations, can affect genes that regulate cell growth and division.
Key components of cancer:
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Uncontrolled Cell Growth: Cancer cells divide rapidly and continuously, forming abnormal masses called tumors.
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Genetic Mutations: Changes in genes, such as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, can lead to abnormal cell growth.
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Tumor Formation: A mass of abnormal cells can form, either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
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Metastasis: Cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, forming secondary tumors.
Types of Genes Involved in Cancer:
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Oncogenes: Normally promote cell growth but can become overactive due to mutations, leading to uncontrolled cell division.
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Tumor Suppressor Genes: Normally inhibit cell growth and division but can become inactive due to mutations, allowing cells to grow unchecked.
Factors Contributing to Cancer:
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Genetic Predisposition: Inherited genetic mutations can increase cancer risk.
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Environmental Factors: Exposure to carcinogens like tobacco smoke, radiation, and certain chemicals can damage DNA.
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Lifestyle Factors: Unhealthy habits such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and poor diet can increase cancer risk.
Understanding these key components is essential for cancer prevention, early detection, and effective treatment.